Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
maxime:openbsd:manpages-fr:8:init [2008/08/31 22:22] 90.2.170.8 créée |
maxime:openbsd:manpages-fr:8:init [2021/10/08 00:17] (Version actuelle) |
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- | INIT(8) | + | INIT(8) |
===== NOM ===== | ===== NOM ===== | ||
- | **init** - systeme | + | **init** - système |
===== RESUME ===== | ===== RESUME ===== | ||
Ligne 8: | Ligne 8: | ||
===== DESCRIPTION ===== | ===== DESCRIPTION ===== | ||
- | Le programme **init** est la derniere etape du processus de boot. Ça | + | Le programme **init** est la dernière étape |
- | execute normallement | + | exécute normalement |
- | et si cela reussis, les operation | + | et si cela réussi, les opérations |
- | de boot echoue, init demarre | + | de boot échoue, init démarre |
donner au superutilisateur un shell sur la console. | donner au superutilisateur un shell sur la console. | ||
Le programme **init** peut être passé en paramètre à partir du programme | Le programme **init** peut être passé en paramètre à partir du programme | ||
de boot pour prévenir le fait que le systeme passe en multiutilisateur et | de boot pour prévenir le fait que le systeme passe en multiutilisateur et | ||
- | pour, à la place, | + | pour, à la place, |
initialiser les démons normaux. | initialiser les démons normaux. | ||
Ligne 25: | Ligne 25: | ||
**-s** | **-s** | ||
- | | + | The system is then quiescent for maintenance work and may later be made |
- | | + | to go to multi-user by exiting the single-user shell (with ^D). |
- | causes | + | Cela force **init** à exécuter le fichier de commande de démarrage |
- | | + | (pas de vérifications des disques). |
- | If the console entry in the [[: | + | If the console entry in the [[: |
- | | + | flag, then init will require that the superuser password be entered be- |
- | | + | fore the system will start a single-user shell. |
- | | + | skipped if the console is marked as ``secure'' |
+ | The kernel [[: | ||
+ | and raised to 1 when the system begins multi-user operations. | ||
+ | tion will not take place if the securelevel is -1, and can be modified | ||
+ | via the / | ||
- | The kernel | + | In multi-user operation, init maintains processes for the terminal ports |
- | and raised to 1 when the system begins multi-user operations. This ac- | + | found in the file [[: |
- | tion will not take place if the securelevel is -1, and can be modified | + | mand found in the second field. This command is usually [[: |
- | via the /etc/rc.securelevel script. | + | opens and initializes |
+ | login program, when a valid user logs in, executes a shell for that user. | ||
+ | When this shell dies, either because | ||
+ | termination occurred (a signal), the init program wakes up, deletes the | ||
+ | user from the [[: | ||
+ | wtmp file. The cycle is then restarted by init executing a new getty for | ||
+ | the line. | ||
- | In multi-user operation, init maintains processes for the terminal ports | + | Line status (on, off, secure, getty, or window information) may be |
- | found in the file [[: | + | changed |
- | mand found in the second field. | + | init with the command ``kill |
- | opens and initializes | + | re-reads |
- | login program, when a valid user logs in, executes a shell for that user. | + | send a SIGHUP signal to the controlling process for the session associat- |
- | When this shell dies, either because | + | ed with the line. |
- | termination occurred | + | ttys file and are now on, init executes a new getty to enable a new lo- |
- | user from the [[: | + | gin. If the getty or window field for a line is changed, the change |
- | | + | takes effect at the end of the current login session |
- | the line. | + | init starts a process on the line). |
+ | ed from ttys, init will not do anything at all to that line. However, it | ||
+ | will complain that the relationship between lines in the ttys file and | ||
+ | records in the utmp file is out of sync, so this practice is not recom- | ||
+ | mended. | ||
- | Line status | + | **init** will terminate multi-user operations and resume single-user mode if |
- | | + | sent a terminate |
- | init with the command | + | there are processes outstanding |
- | re-reads the ttys file. When a line is turned off in ttys, init will | + | or software failure), init will not wait for them all to die (which might |
- | send a SIGHUP signal to the controlling process for the session associat- | + | take forever), but will time out after 30 seconds |
- | ed with the line. For any lines that were previously turned off in the | + | message. |
- | ttys file and are now on, init executes a new getty to enable a new lo- | + | |
- | gin. If the getty or window field for a line is changed, the change | + | |
- | takes effect at the end of the current login session (e.g., the next time | + | |
- | init starts a process on the line). If a line is commented out or delet- | + | |
- | ed from ttys, init will not do anything at all to that line. However, it | + | |
- | will complain that the relationship between lines in the ttys file and | + | |
- | records in the utmp file is out of sync, so this practice is not recom- | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | **init** will cease creating new [[: |
- | | + | away, if it is sent a terminal stop (TSTP) signal, |
- | there are processes outstanding that are deadlocked (because of hardware | + | 1'' |
- | or software failure), init will not wait for them all to die (which might | + | nate will start a single-user shell. |
- | take forever), but will time out after 30 seconds | + | [[: |
- | message. | + | |
- | init will cease creating new [[: | + | **init** will terminate multi-user operations, kill all [[: |
- | | + | / |
- | 1'' | + | user-defined |
- | nate will start a single-user shell. | + | powerdown is requested. |
- | | + | erdown. |
- | init will terminate multi-user operations, kill all [[: | + | The role of init is so critical that if it dies, the system will reboot |
- | / | + | itself automatically. |
- | | + | located, the system will panic with the message ``panic: init died |
- | | + | (signal %d, exit %d)'' |
- | | + | |
- | + | ||
- | The role of init is so critical that if it dies, the system will reboot | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
===== RESSOURCES ===== | ===== RESSOURCES ===== | ||
- | When init spawns a process it sets the process priority, umask, and re- | + | When init spawns a process it sets the process priority, umask, and re- |
- | | + | source limits based on / |
- | | + | the login class ``daemon'' |
- | | + | [[: |
- | | + | made when entering single user mode. |
===== FICHIERS ===== | ===== FICHIERS ===== | ||
- | / | + | / |
- | | + | |
- | | + | / |
- | | + | |
- | | + | / |
- | | + | |
- | | + | / |
- | | + | |
- | | + | / |
+ | |||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | / | ||
===== DIAGNOSTICS ===== | ===== DIAGNOSTICS ===== | ||
- | getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping | + | getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping |
- | | + | to service a line is exiting quickly each time it is started. |
- | | + | often caused by a ringing or noisy terminal line. Init will sleep for 10 |
- | | + | seconds, then continue trying to start the process. |
- | some processes would not die; ps axl advised. | + | some processes would not die; ps axl advised. |
- | | + | could not be killed when the system was shutting down. This condition is |
- | | + | usually caused by a process that is stuck in a device driver because of a |
- | | + | persistent device error condition. |
===== VOIR AUSSI ===== | ===== VOIR AUSSI ===== | ||
Ligne 125: | Ligne 132: | ||
===== HISTORIQUE ===== | ===== HISTORIQUE ===== | ||
- | Une commande init est apparue dans la version 6 de l'UNIX d' | + | Une commande init est apparue dans la version 6 de l'UNIX d' |
OpenBSD 4.4 24 août 2008 2 | OpenBSD 4.4 24 août 2008 2 | ||